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About World Network of Biosphere Reserves The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) covers internationally designated protected areas, each known as biosphere reserves, that are meant to demonstrate a balanced relationship between people and nature. This is also known by the name of MAB(Man and Biosphere) Program. The Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB) was launched in 1970. A UNESCO Biosphere Conference in 1968 had brought together representatives of government and non-govermental organizations to consider what should be done about threats to the biosphere that were being increasingly perceived by U.N. Member States. After this, an International Co-ordinating Council was formed, which recommended convening panels of experts from the member states. The ICC also emphasized that establishment of reserves was important to meet scientific, educational, cultural and recreational needs. This came to be known as the “biosphere reserve” project. MAB’s original aim was to establish protected areas representing the main ecosystems of the planet in which genetic resources could be protected and research and monitoring could be carried out. These protected areas were to be called “biosphere reserves” in reference to the MAB program’s name. Like all scientific programs, MAB has been refined over the years but is still committed to its original aims. Today, MAB is a set of related scientific research projects with three focuses:
The first of India’s reserves to make it to UNESCO’s list was Tamil Nadu’s Niligiri Biosphere Reserve in 2000. Under this protection is granted not only to the flora and fauna of the protected region, but also to the human communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life.
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