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VIOLENCE is defined by the World Health Organisation as “the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual against oneself, another person.” Are men more violent than women and are they solely responsible for the generation of violence? In our society, violence is often celebrated as a symbol of masculinity.Women and the girl child are often soft targets and violence is often inflicted on them.
Maneka Gandhi, Minister of Women and Child Welfare, recently announced on Facebook that all violence is male-generated.
Child-rearing practices demonstrate how girls and boys are raised by parents. In a feudal culture notions of how each sex should behave are clearly demarcated and instilled. Even when little children fight or play, it is not uncommon to lay down rules of what is acceptable behaviour in each sex. How often have you heard, “Girls don't behave this way.” “Boys are like this only.” With child-rearing practices that endorse sex-specific stereotypes and gendered notions of behaviour, it is often more acceptable for boys to exhibit aggression and demonstrate use of physical force.
Violence is a male attribute and is even reinforced in young boys, when they are asked not to show emotion but be strong and “not be sissies” like girls. Ambition in a woman is not a positive trait just as gentleness in men may be termed effeminate. While women are rarely perceived as assertive, leave alone aggressive, sensitivity and nurturing in men is an aberration, and not a badge of honour. The process of socialisation only reinforces sex-specific stereotypes and that leads to roles being straitjacketed.
Perhaps the social structure required men to wage wars to protect their territory as well as women and they evolved into more aggressive, even violent of the two sexes, while women as child-bearers tended to the children and the hearth. Though, of course, wars down the ages (in history and mythology) were waged for the sake of women, who were either abducted or kidnapped. So be it the Helen of Troy or Cleopatra and nearer home Sita and even Draupadi, women “instigated” wars, even though men laid down their lives.
Rewarding violence and even accepting it or glorifying it as a macho trait is responsible for its perpetuation. It is the most dangerous and insidious trend to "normalise" the use of physical force. Violence can be covert and passive too. Women, because of the secondary role they have played, are capable of using withdrawal of affection, sulking and more subversive means of being violent, even though they may not apply physical force or aggression.
Interestingly, researchers have found men to be more physically aggressive in their mental lives as well. Compared with women, men harbour more frequent and enduring homicidal fantasies, think about enacting revenge against their enemies more often and also report more physically aggressive dreams. Violence by women is an exception, and exceptions are not examples.
By: Parveen bansal ProfileResourcesReport error
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