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Union Cabinet recently cleared the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2016, banning commercial surrogacy in India and allowing only the altruistic surrogacy to infertile parents.
At a glance, surrogacy seems like an attractive alternative as: • a poor surrogate mother gets very much needed money. • an infertile couple gets their long-desired biologically related baby and • the country earns foreign currency. • Although this arrangement appears to be beneficial for all parties, when human reproduction meets commerce, • gender inequality, and wealth disparity, the potential for ethical transgression becomes great indeed.
Ethical issues as to commercial surrogacy • In general, the ethics behind the commercial surrogacy is that it is helpful for women who are naturally not in a position to become a mother. It helps them to enjoy the motherhood. • At the same time, those families which are having the problem of lack of peace due to absence of child can overcome the said quandary and for achieving this goal commercial surrogacy is no doubt a way out. • Many argue that surrogate arrangements depersonalize reproduction and create a separation of genetic, gestational, and social parenthood. Others argue that there is a change in motives for creating children. • According to them children are not conceived for their own sakes, but for another’s benefit. Whereas some other consider it as a moral duty to alleviate the “curse” of infertility from the women who purchase their services.
Some of the ethical issues regarding commercial surrogacy • What is the degree of stress on the couple and especially on the surrogate mother? What kind of medical and psychological screening should be provided to all parties? What can be the emotions associated with relinquishing a child? • Can true informed consent ever be given by the surrogate? • What are the possible adverse psychological effects on the child? What identity crisis might ensue, and will there be a desire on the part of the child to know his/her gestational mother? Should the child be told? • Will surrogate arrangements be used not only by infertile couples but also for the sake of convenience, or by single men or women? • Should the surrogate be paid? Would this lead to commercialization of surrogacy and expose the surrogate mother to possible exploitation? • What happens when no one wants a handicapped newborn? • Should the couple and surrogate remain unknown to each other? What kinds of records should be kept, and should the child have access to them? • When doctor is being paid by only one party and he has to pay to the other party, will it not create a conflict of interest?
By: Mona Kaushal ProfileResourcesReport error
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