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Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) are voluntary pledges that countries will take to cut carbon emissions ahead of Conference Of Parties (Cop) In Paris. The UN has set October 1 as deadline for each of its 193 member states to submit their INDCs aimed at concluding a global pact at the Paris summit — known as CoP 21 — in December to prevent the global temperature from rising by more than 2°C. The action plan, called Intended Nationally Determined Contributions, or INDCs, in official language, is built around three elements — reduction in emissions intensity, or emissions per unit of GDP, an increase in forest cover, and a greater role for renewable energy in power generation.
Objective Of Paris Conference
The objective of the Paris conference is to achieve a binding and universal agreement on climate from all nations of the world. There is considerable scepticism over its outcome unless developed nations give a commitment of finance and technology transfer — the requisites for poor and developing countries to fulfill any commitment.
India’s INDC:
India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) on reducing emissions will be a reflection of the country’s policies and programmes on the critical issue.India is one of the most vulnerable countries facing adverse impact of climate change.India’s INDCs will be fair and ambitious. They will showcase strategies and initiatives in sectors such as agriculture, water and health along with programmes and policies for coastal regions and islands for disaster management, protecting biodiversity and Himalayan ecosystem and ensuring rural livelihood security.
Per Capita Emissions By India
The per capita emissions by India, third largest after China and the US, are 1.6 tonne per person, much lower than China (7.1 tonne/person), US (16.4 tonne/person) and Russia (12.4 tonne/person). It highlights the historical carbon space occupied by India — just 3 per cent, with 1850 as the base year. In comparison, US occupied 29 per cent, China 10 per cent and other developed nations 45 per cent of the historical carbon space.India has argued that it cannot be compared to China, despite roughly similar population sizes, as its per capita emissions are much lower.
India Sets Green Target
Ahead of a global climate pact in Paris later this year, world’s third largest polluter India has pledged to reduce emissions intensity — the amount of carbon per rupee of economic output — by 33-35 per cent by 2030. It will do so by increasing the share of non-fossil fuel by 40 per cent and planting additional forest and tree cover at a cost of around $2.5 trillion.The INDCs highlight India’s need for finance and technology assistance from developed countries and their historic responsibility. In keeping with its position that India's development needs cannot be delayed, there is No Commitment To A 'Peaking Year' as to when emissions will be capped and there are No Sector Specific Targets.
Strategy To Achieve Target:
Challenges:
Progress So Far:
Expectation From Paris:
The much anticipated India INDC is fair and is quite ambitious, specifically on renewable energy and forestry. India’s INDC reflects its development challenges, aspirations of large numbers of poor people and the realities of climate change. The move to declare INDCs is intended to insulate India from pressure from developed countries. But while doing so, India made it clear it needs carbon space for economic development and will not be able to specify a peaking year. Reducing carbon dependence ties in with the government's decisions to ramp up targets in renewables and stipulate a clean energy component in the supplies of state discoms.
By: Dr. Vivek Rana ProfileResourcesReport error
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