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The Concept The term ‘internationalism’ has no concrete definition as such, and there are multiple schools of thought that perceive the term in different context and interpretations. However, in general context of International Relations, the term ‘Internationalism’ refers to the idea of cooperation between multiple sovereign nations in pursuit of their mutual interests (social, political, economic etc). The concept of Internationalism acknowledges the sovereignty of the nation states but simultaneously fosters the International Solidarity as well. The concept stands for a family of self-respecting and self- governing nations linked to each other by bonds of good will, co¬operation and assistance. The Emergence Although the central theme of ‘Internationalism’ i.e. transnational cooperation between nation-states is a centuries old phenomenon, but the emergence of this concept in its contemporary form can be traced back to the 19th Century, when the impact of Industrial Revolution; Emergence of new Nation-States; and ‘Economic competition as well as cooperation’ between these states was taking a concrete shape. The circumstances ushered in by these developments on one hand began to heighten the ‘National Chauvinism’ with subsequent animosity and on the other hand it also began to demonstrate the need for cooperation to contain the inter-nation animosity, lest their economic interests should suffer. The concept of ‘Internationalism‘thus began to evolve its economic dimension through notions of Free Trade. This idea was put forth by the liberal internationalist strand of Political Thought epitomised by Richard Cobden and John Bright. It was thought that Free Trade would pacify the world by interdependence. A belief in the idea of the moral law and an inherent goodness in human nature also inspired their faith in internationalism. However this notion came to be opposed by Socialist Strand of Political Thought, who professed that, in the wake of colonialism and imperialism, the so called economic interdependence would soon turn into Economic Competition and will be the root cause of World Conflict. The subsequent world wars stood as a testimony to this apprehension. Thus, emerged the contemporary notion of ‘Internationalism’ in response to the catastrophe of the World Wars (and other events like the Russian Revolution etc) and the lessons that it brought along so as to pacify the nations and refrain from such a conflict in future. What Internationalism Entails Today? On account of improved means of transport, communication and technology, different parts of the world have been brought so close to one another that we do not feel apart and it appears as if we belonged to one great common group. To bring about international peace and order, different nations must discard mutual hatred, jealousy and suspicion. Therefore today, Internationalism not only seeks to acknowledge the mutual economic interests, but also appreciates the diverse cultures in the world, and a desire for world peace. This has led to multi dimensional nature of Internationalism that now entails various aspects like social, political, cultural, security cooperation etc. Internationalism aims to assist the world through leadership and charity. It aims to encourage multilateralism and create some formal and informal interdependence between countries, with some limited supranational powers given to international organisations controlled by those nations via intergovernmental treaties and institutions. While the concept of Internationalism may appear to be appealing in theory, its practical implications may or may not be desired by all. The trust deficit between the erstwhile colonial Nations (Today called Developed nations) and the colonies (today: developing or underdeveloped) reduces the space for supranational organisations meant to promote the ideals and principle of Internationalism. Moreover, while the world may appear to be at peace, yet it is not free from antagonism (differences between shia-sunni, capitalist-communist, North and South, and so on). Thus any World Government body could inherently be too powerful to be trusted. The historical blunders and limitations of supranational entities such as the United Nations or the European Union raise the apprehensions that a world government inclined towards fascism might emerge. Thus a loose world federation in which most power resides with the national governments is considered to more desireable, and this notion becomes the dominant aspect of Internationalism today.
By: Chandan Sharma ProfileResourcesReport error
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