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It was in 1947 that scientists being funded by Rockfeller foundation, found monkeys in 'Zika forest' of Uganda to be infected with a microorganism that we today know as Zika virus. The virus has been named after the forest where it was first found.
Meaning of Zika
The word Zika in the local language of Uganda – Luganda, means ‘overgrown’, but ironically the virus causes babies to be born with an abnormally small head and an underdeveloped brain. This condition in medical terms is known as ‘microcephaly’. However, the exact transmission mechanism of Zika virus from a pregnant mother to her baby is not clear and is being further researched.
Virus Transmission
‘Aedes Aegypti Aegypti’ is the mosquito that has been identified as the vector that transmits the Zika virus. It has been known to bite humans at dawn and dusk only. In addition to mosquito bite or stings, a person can get infected by Zika virus if he indulges in unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sex with a person suffering from Zika virus. Public Health Emergency
In recent years, the virus has been spreading at a fast rate affecting people across continents from Africa to Asia and Latin America, and since the World government’s are finding it difficult to contain it’s spread due to unavailability of any potent vaccine against the virus, WHO has declared Zika virus as Public Health Emergency.
Symptoms
A person affected with Zika virus disease may either show no symptoms or may exhibit common symptoms such as fever, rash, joint pain, red eyes, fatigue, fever, chills, loss of appetite, sweating, headache, skin rash, or vomiting. In rare cases, Zika has been associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome, a disorder that can cause partial or complete paralysis, usually starting in the legs, most often temporary.
Remedy
Currently, there is no vaccine or specific treatment for the disease. However, the treatment prescribed by doctors focuses on relieving symptoms and includes rest, rehydration and medications for fever and pain. In most cases, the illness is mild with symptoms lasting less than a week. It is only in case of pregnant females that Zika virus is suspected to be the cause of miscarriage, still births and microcephaly.
Recently in News
Zika virus has been in news recently as it has attained pandemic proportions in Brazil where thousands were found to be infected by the virus and infected mothers gave birth to babies with abnormally small heads and underdeveloped brain - a condition known as microcephaly in medical terms. So far there have been no reported cases of Zika virus disease in India. However, Tata Motors were forced to rename their newly launched car from Zika to Tiago, as naming a car after a disease causing virus would have been detrimental to their brand value.
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