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An enlightened solution to prevent water scarcity in trans-Himalayan mountain desert like Ladakh by developing conical ice mounds that behave like mini-glaciers, slowly releasing wasting winter water that feed the farms for the growing season. They have been developed by Sonam Wangchuk, who has been awarded prestigious Global Rolex awards for enterprise 2016 for his innovative solution.
Water problem in Ladakh: Ladakh is a trans-Himalayan mountain desert in the extreme north of India with villages located at 2,700m to 4,000m altitudes. It is a cold desert with winter temperatures touching -30° C, and an average annual rain/snow fall of only 100 mm. Human settlements are almost always located around glacial streams which feed into the Indus and other rivers as tributaries. The key to human settlement in this cold desert is the art of diverting water from the streams through meticulously built canals toward deserts to grow crops like barley, wheat, vegetables and trees like apricots, apples, willow and poplar.
Most villages face acute water shortage, particularly during the two crucial months of April and May when there is little water in the streams and all the villagers compete to water their newly planted crops. By mid-June there is an excess of water and even flash floo
ding due to the fast melting of the snow and glaciers in the mountains. By mid-September all farming activities end, and yet a smaller stream flows throughout the winter steadily but wastefully going into the Indus river without being of use to anybody. The answer to the problem of ice melting too fast was to freeze water in the shape of a cone that presents minimum surface area to the sun and holds the maximum volume of water.
Concept behind Ice stupas: Borrowed from the artificial glaciers concept of the original Ice Man of India and fellow Ladakhi Chewang Norphel, who had initially began the storing water in the upper reaches, often inaccessible areas, and using canals to channel them for use, Wangchuk's invention would allow water to be stored at hand and made available for a greater length of time with the artificial glaciers that stick around even in the summer months. How? By reducing its surface area by giving it height, resulting in an innovative inverted conical shape that resembles the Buddhist mud stupas found all over Ladakh. This new design ensures that it doesn't melt faster like conventional glaciers do in the summer months.
By: Dr. Vivek Rana ProfileResourcesReport error
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