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India has been nursing a multi-faceted relationship with ASEAN owing to number of factors which have been both internal as well as external. Following factors have made it imperative for convergence and enhanced connectivity between India and ASEAN in the wake of changing dynamics of Indo-Pacific region and global geopolitics:
Firstly, India’s own attempt at liberalization of its economy which it initiated in the 1990’s, made it imperative for India to look for economic space in the outer world. East Asia was a space which is available to India in its extended neighbourhood with comparative advantage in terms of geographical contiguity. Accordingly, India articulated its ‘Look East Policy’ that later got matured into ‘Act East Policy’ under the present political dispensation, to accord increased dynamism to it and make it more action oriented. India thus started exploring its relations with ASEAN in areas in which it could cooperate and collaborate with each of the members to reap benefits of liberalization and globalization. A lot has been done under the auspices of growing relations and now far more requires to be done in the changing circumstances.
Secondly, India’s northeast region has been passing through phases of political, social and economic upheavals and witnessed frequent violent upsurge owing to poverty, unemployment and lack of development. Consequently, India needed to develop the region and make it economically viable to avoid any future disintegration and subversion as it had all the potentials to assume external dimensions and interference. India thus planned to build its relations with ASEAN so that its northeast region is benefitted economically through trade and other engagements with the countries of ASEAN. Economic development brings prosperity which is a strong ingredient of peace and freedom. Natural and geographical contiguity along with considerable similarity in demographic character between India’s northeast and ASEAN was one of the strong determinants of India’s convergence with the regional economic grouping.
Thirdly, the present political dispensation was not being able to achieve any considerable success on its western front owing to bottleneck from Pakistan. Therefore, failure on the Western front was another reason of convergence with the east because India needed to expand its economic activities for imperatives of globalization and liberalization, with the outside World in view of tremendous growth of its corporate within. Therefore, corporate India necessitated that enhancement of connectivity with the ASEAN would create space for them to invest in goods for the ASEAN market. This shall have added advantage in terms of creating space for India as China is mainly engaged in resource based economic activity in ASEAN. Many of India’s multinational companies have made inroads into ASEAN which requires to be consolidated and entrenched on a permanent basis.
Fourthly, the success story of ASEAN across the region and the World raised the economic status of the members with consequent attraction for the World community. India being in its immediate neighbourhood with geographical and political positives would have been at great loss by missing the bus to ASEAN as its trade and business destination. The changing geo-economics of ASEAN has brought several opportunities and advantages for India, which it needed to capitalize upon at earliest and at a faster pace. Fifthly, China’s expansion in the South Asian region has raised threat perception of India in its immediate neighbourhood which has been its traditional stronghold. India has been facing tough competition on account of China’s economic engagement with the South Asian countries. China’s presence in South Asian countries has been a constant source of nuisance and threat to its territorial and maritime security. India is slowly and gradually learning to live with China’s growing presence in its proximity as it does not have the might and means to push China away from the region. India’s growing presence with ASEAN may throw a challenge to China in the long run as currently China has deep rooted economic engagement in ASEAN.
By: Abhinav ProfileResourcesReport error
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