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India essentially forms a separate geo-hydrological and climatic unit due to its isolation from the rest of the Eurasian landmass. Thus, the problems of floods and droughts in India form a distinct unit of study while studying global climatic and water regimes. However, in the age of humans, the anthropological factor has come to dominate discussions on disasters.
Factors leading to increasing number of floods in India:
Meteorological Factors:
These include prolonged heavy rainfall which is usually common during the monsoon season. Cloudbursts are quite regular in the Himalayan region during monsoons as well. Tropical cyclones often cause flooding along the eastern coastline.
Topological Factors:
Lack of drainage from the area, saturated sub-soil, glacial lake outbursts due to the failure of outward debris dams.
Human Factors:
Examples-
Factors leading to increasing number of droughts in India:
Though all reasons mentioned above seem to pertain to natural causes, yet drought is said to be a man-made disaster in the present context. This is due to:
Mitigation by checking climate change- India has set ambitious targets under INDC (Paris agreement). The road map should be implemented strictly.
Adaptation:
Today, the country faces the twin challenges of floods and droughts that recur every year. Solving the challenges requires a policy based top-down approach and also a local government based push. India has committed itself to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, these are aligned with the Sendai Framework of Disaster Risk Reduction to which India is a signatory. It is thus imperative that India synchronize its efforts so as to meet its targets under both by addressing all disasters – especially floods and droughts.
By: SONAM SHEORAN ProfileResourcesReport error
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