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Hyperloop Transportation Technologies Inc. unveiled its first full-scale passenger capsule, offering the world a peek at the future of travel. The capsule, 105 feet (32 meters) long and weighing 5 tons, was shown in Spain and will be moved to Toulouse, France, for additional assembly before it’s used on one of the first commercial tracks. India
The government of Andhra Pradesh has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with California-based Hyperloop Transportation Technologies (HTT) to develop India’s first Hyperloop route in the state. The project will connect Anantapur-Amaravati-Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam as part of 700-800-km-long integrated public transit system. The entire Hyperloop project is conceived to be implemented in three phases. In Phase I&II, a commercial Hyperloop system between Amaravati and Vijayawada will be built. In Phase III, a commercial Hyperloop System covering either northern or southern section of the vision corridor connecting Anantapur-Amaravati-Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam will be built. The project will use a Public Private Partnership (PPP) model with funding primarily from private investors.
What is Hyperloop
Hyperloop is a new form of ground transport system, which could see passengers travelling at 700 miles an hour in floating pods within low-pressure tubes.
What makes Hyperloop different?
There are two big differences between Hyperloop and tradition rail. The pods carrying passengers travel through tubes or tunnels from which most of the air has been removed to reduce friction. This should allow the pods to travel at up to 750 miles per hour. Rather than using wheels like a train or car, the pods are designed to float on air skis, using the same basic idea as an air hockey table, or use magnetic levitation to reduce friction. A number of different companies are working to turn the idea into a functioning commercial system.
What are the benefits of Hyperloop?
Supporters argue that Hyperloop could be cheaper and faster than trains and car travel, and cheaper and less polluting than air travel. They claim that it is quicker and cheaper to build than traditional high-speed rail; as such, Hyperloop could take the pressure off gridlocked roads, making travel between cities easier and potentially unlocking major economic benefits as a result.
What is the history of Hyperloop?
The idea of using low pressure or vacuum tubes as part of a transport system has a long heritage. The Crystal Palace pneumatic railway used air pressure to push a wagon uphill (and a vacuum to drag it back down) way back in Victorian south London in 1864. Similar systems using pneumatic tubes to send mail and packages between buildings have been in use since the late nineteenth century, and can still be seen in supermarkets and banks to move money around today. One clear predecessor of the Hyperloop is the 'vactrain' concept developed by Robert Goddard early in the twentieth century; since then, many similar ideas have been proposed without much success. However, it is entrepreneur Elon Musk who really reignited interest in the concept with his 'Hyperloop Alpha' paper in August 2013, which set out how a modern system would work -- and how much it would cost.
What is Hyperloop Alpha?
Musk outlined his vision of what Hyperloop would look like in his Hyperloop Alpha paper. He set out the case for a service running between Los Angeles and San Francisco, which would be cheaper and faster than a proposed high-speed rail link, arguing that his Hyperloop could be safer, faster, more affordable, weather-proof, self-powering -- and less disruptive to people living along the route. Musk said that a Hyperloop service could be the answer to travel between cities less than about 1500 km or 900 miles apart: beyond that, supersonic air travel would be more efficient, he said. "Short of figuring out real teleportation, which would of course be awesome (someone please do this), the only option for super fast travel is to build a tube over or under the ground that contains a special environment," Musk wrote.
How does a Hyperloop tube work?
The basic idea of Hyperloop as envisioned by Musk is that the passenger pods or capsules travel through a tube, either above or below ground. To reduce friction, most -- but not all -- of the air is removed from the tubes by pumps. Overcoming air resistance is one of the biggest uses of energy in high speed travel. Airliners climb to high altitudes to travel through less dense air; in order to create a similar effect at ground level, Hyperloop encloses the capsules in a reduced-pressure tube, effectively allowing the trains to travel at airplane speeds but on the ground. In Musk's model, the pressure of air inside the Hyperloop tube is about one-sixth the pressure of the atmosphere on Mars (a notable comparison as Mars is another of Musk's interests). This means an operating pressure of 100 pascals, which reduces the drag force of the air by 1,000 times relative to sea level conditions, and would be equivalent to flying above 150,000 feet altitude
How do Hyperloop capsules work?
The Hyperloop capsules in Musk's model float above the tube's surface on a set of 28 air-bearing skis, similar to the way that the puck floats just above the table on an air hockey game. One major difference is that it is the pod, not the track, that generates the air cushion in order to keep the tube as simple and cheap as possible. Other versions of Hyperloop use magnetic levitation rather than air skis to keep the passenger pods off the tracks. The pod would get its initial velocity from an external linear electric motor, which would accelerate it to 'high subsonic velocity' and then give it a boost every 70 miles or so; in between, the pod would coast along in near vacuum. Each capsule could carry 28 passengers (other versions aim to carry up to 40) plus some luggage; another version of the pods could carry cargo and vehicles. Pods would depart every two minutes (or every 30 seconds at peak usage).
How would Hyperloop be powered?
The pods will get their velocity from an external linear electric motor comes in; effectively a round induction motor (like the one in the Tesla Model S) rolled flat. Under Musk's model, the Hyperloop would be powered by solar panels placed on the top of the tube which would allow it to generate more energy than it needed for operation.
How is Hyperloop different from high-speed trains?
Supporters argue that Hyperloop is significantly better than high-speed rail. It is lower cost and more energy efficient because, among other things, the track doesn't need to provide power to the pods continuously and, because the pods can leave every 30 seconds, it's more like an on-demand service. It's also potentially two or three times faster than even high-speed rail (and ten times the speed of regular rail services).
How much would a Hyperloop cost to build?
For the LA to San Francisco Hyperloop that Musk envisaged, he came up with a price tag of under $6bn. Musk envisioned an LA to San Francisco journey time of half an hour with pod departures every 30 seconds, with each carrying 28 passengers. Spreading this capital cost over 20 years and adding operational costs, Musk came up with a $20 plus operating costs for a one-way ticket on the passenger Hyperloop. The costs of a Hyperloop according to Elon Musk's Hyperloop Alpha paper. Most of the cost of the system is in building the tube network: the overall cost of the tube, pillars, vacuum pumps, and stations was calculated at just over $4bn for the passenger version of Hyperloop ($7bn for a slightly larger version that could also take freight). The cost of the capsules was put at around $1.35m a piece; with 40 needed for the service the cost of these is around $54m (or £70m for a mix of passenger and cargo capsules). That's less than nine percent of the cost of the proposed passenger only high-speed rail system.
What will it feel like to travel in a Hyperloop?
Critics of Hyperloop have warned that travelling in the tube might be an uncomfortable experience, with nausea-inducing acceleration, plus lateral G-force on bends in the route. However, Virgin Hyperloop One says that a journey via Hyperloop will feel about the same as riding in an elevator or a passenger plane.
"Although Hyperloop will be fast, the systems we are building will accelerate with the same tolerable G forces as that of taking off in a Boeing 747," it said. Acceleration and deceleration will be gradual, it added, with no G forces and turbulence. Travelling in a concrete pipe in a windowless pod means there isn't going to be much to look at; Musk's original vision said that "beautiful landscape will be displayed in the cabin" and each passenger will have access their own personal entertainment system.
Will Hyperloop be a success?
This is the huge and, as yet, unanswered question of Hyperloop. The concept has been around for a long time but until now the technology has been lacking. However, the technology may have just caught up with the concept now. There are well-funded companies racing to be the first to deliver a working service but despite the optimistic timescales these projects are still very much in the pilot and experimental stages; the BBC recently ran a Hyperloop story with the headline 'Future or fantasy?'. Critics argue that lots of pods will be required to achieve the same passenger numbers as more traditional rail which uses much bigger carriages. And there are many engineering hurdles to overcome, like building the tubes strong enough to deal with the stresses of carrying the high-speed pods, and finding energy and cost efficient ways to keep them operating at low pressure. Moving from a successful test to a full commercial deployment is a big jump, and passenger trials are still to come, too. Right now Hyperloop is at an experimental stage even if the companies involved are very keen to talk about the potential.
How India Will Transform If It Builds The World's First Hyperloop System
It’s a well-known fact that India’s existing transportation infrastructure is falling short in the face of rapid urbanization. Understandably, we need something drastic to fix the gap and as a solution, the government is giving the proposed form of transport known as Hyperloop a serious thought.
Qns: While there's a lot of talk around Hyperloop, there are only a few of us who actually understand how exactly it will revolutionize the world of transportation. What's the technology all about?
Ans: The Hyperloop Transportation System is increasingly called the fifth mode of transportation. Here, the capsule moves inside a tube with low air pressure and, like a jet plane at high altitude, experiences very little air resistance. The entire tube system is built on pylons, thus lowering the cost of land acquisition, making it impervious to weather conditions, earthquakes and crashes.
Qns: What’s the scope of Hyperloop in India?
Ans: The perfect nation for a Hyperloop project is one that has a large population and a lack of existing infrastructure. In such cases usually there’s a need for a more efficient, quick and profitable mode of transportation. In India, we found all three.
Qns: What kind of transformation can a country expect if they implement Hyperloop?
Ans: Hyperloop will redefine the very concept of transportation. Airplane, high speed rail, etc. have altered our way of living. But this can’t be the future. We have to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and other conventional forms of energy. For this we need Hyperloop Technology. Imagine being able to travel between Mumbai and Pune (92.5 miles) in less than 20 minutes. The technology gives the option to live in one city and work in another. This will potentially lead to decongestion of cities and urban areas.
By: Dr.Dharminder Singh ProfileResourcesReport error
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